Stephen Toulmin was a contemporary philosopher who broke down the anatomy of an argument. His book, The Uses of Argument, identifies 6 key elements of an argument -- The primary elements include the Claim, Grounds, and Warrant; the secondary elements include the Backing, Qualifier, and Rebuttal. https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/general_writing/academic_writing/historical_perspectives_on_argumentation/images/20190305Toulmin4.jpg Toulmin's concept that through analyzing these elements of an argument, you could analyze the overall logic of any argument. The CLAIM , also known as the assertion of proposition, is what you want your audience to believe. The GROUNDS , or evidence, is why your audience should believe your claim. Importantly, this is not an opinion. The WARRANT , or inferential leaf, is how the audience is able to connect the grounds to the claim. These make up the primary elements of an argument and determine if an argument holds any weight whatsoever. The fol...